Electromechanical behavior of hybrid carbon/glass fiber composites with tension and bending

To understand the smart (i.e., good memory) characteristics of hybrid composites of carbon fibers (CFs) and glass fibers (GFs) with epoxy resin as a matrix, the changes in the electrical resistance of composites with tension and on bending were investigated. The electrical resistance behavior of composites under tension changed with the composition of the CF/GF, as well as with the applied strain. The fractional electrical resistance increased slowly with increasing strain within a relatively low strain region. However, with further loading it increased stepwise with the strain according to the fracture of the CF layers. The strain sensitivity of the samples increased with increasing CF weight percentage, and the samples incorporating more than 40 wt % CF showed a strain sensitivity higher than 1.54 for a single CF. The changes in the fractional electrical resistance with bending were not so dominant as those with tension. This difference was attributed to the action of two cancelling effects, which are the increasing and decreasing fractional electrical resistance due to tension and compression with bending, respectively. On recovery from a large applied bending, the fractional electrical resistance decreased slowly with unloading because of the increase of contacts between the fibers that resulted from the reorganization of ruptured CFs during the recovery. Even the composites incorporating a relatively small CF content showed an irreversible electrical resistance with both tension and bending. However, the strain sensitivity being larger with tension than with bending is ascribed to the difference in their mechanical behaviors. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 83: 2447–2453, 2002     

PET蓄光纤维的研制及性能研究

采用共混纺丝法制备了PET蓄光纤维,并对纤维的性能进行了研究。SEM分析表明,采用偶联剂可以有效地改善聚酯与蓄光粉体组成的共混体系的相容性,减小分散相颗粒的尺寸。预先将PET、蓄光粉体与偶联剂制备成母粒用于纺丝,可以明显提高体系的可纺性。同时,研究了蓄光粉体的含量对纤维力学性能和发光性能的影响。     

三维织物及复合材料的发展与应用

本文介绍了三维织物及其复合材料的发展现状及应用研究情况。     

基于西门子S7-300PLC的光纤预制棒温度控制系统的设计

针对光纤制造行业预制棒加热系统温度控制要求,介绍基于西门子S7-300PLC的光纤预制棒温度控制系统的硬件配置、软件流程、人机画面等。     

偏磁式消弧线圈在安钢220kV变电站的应用

分析偏磁式消弧线圈补偿装置的作用及工作原理,介绍偏磁式消弧线圈补偿装置在安钢某220kV变电站10kV系统的具体应用.     

聚吡咯／尼龙6复合导电纤维的研制

采用原位聚合法,在吡咯的水性溶液中可制备具有良好导电性的聚毗咯／尼龙6复合纤维。文章探讨了反应过程中各种因素对所制得的聚吡咯／尼龙6复合导电纤维导电性的影响。结果表明,FeCl3是一种较为有效的氧化剂。采用吡咯单体浓度为0．05 mol/L、氧化剂与吡咯的初始摩尔比为2．3、反应温度为20℃,反应时间为3 h的反应条件,可制得具有较好导电性的复合纤维。电镜照片显示,复合导电纤维呈现皮芯结构,聚吡咯主要集中在皮层,形成导电通道。     

Evaluation of imbedded fiber retraction phenomenological models for determining interfacial tension between molten polymers

In this work, the interfacial tension for several polymer pairs, namely polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS), PP/polycarbonate (PC), PP/polyamide 6 (PA-6) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) and ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH) was evaluated as a function of temperature using the imbedded fiber retraction method (IFR). Two phenomenological models were used and compared to infer the interfacial tension from the evolution of the imbedded fiber back into a sphere: [Carriere CJ, Cohen A, Arends CB. J Rheol 1989;33:681-9. [1] and Tjahjadi M, Ottino JM, Stone HA. AIChE J 1994;40:385-94. [2]]. It was shown that Carriere et al.'s model overestimates the value of interfacial tension whereas Tjahjadi et al.'s model leads to results that corroborate the ones obtained using other experimental methods. A method to further increase the accuracy of Tjahjadi et al.'s model was proposed. Using this method the interfacial tension for the different polymer pairs studied was evaluated and shown to decrease linearly with increasing temperature.     

芳纶-RFL-轮胎橡胶体系性能增强研究

简要介绍了芳纶的典型结构、性能及在轮胎中的应用。重点阐述了增强芳纶帘子线/轮胎橡胶体系性能的途径及国内外研究进展:中国、美国、德国、日本和欧洲一些国家对该领域进行较深入地研究,主要是通过芳纶表面、轮胎橡胶和间苯二酚-甲醛-胶乳体系(RFL)3方面的改性来增强芳纶-RFL-轮胎橡胶体系性能。     

系列扁平腈纶的开发

介绍了扁平腈纶的特性及国内外发展状态,重点分析了生产系列扁平腈纶的关键技术,如聚合物及原液的制备、喷丝板设计、纺丝工艺条件的优化等。指出原液温度、负拉伸、凝固浴温度、浓度、流量以及所用的油剂都会对扁平纤维的质量产生影响。     

不同线密度粘胶原丝及其碳纤维的结构性能对比

用Weibull分析处理 10mm长的 4种不同线密度粘胶原丝和相应碳纤维的单丝断裂强度 ,得到原丝线密度、强度分布和碳纤维强度的对应关系。采用透射电镜 (TEM )和小角X散射 (SAXS)分析粗旦原丝 ,发现孔洞较多 ,并存在大于 70nm的大孔洞。截面和表面照片也揭示出细旦原丝截面相对规整 ,表面较光滑 ,粗旦原丝则反之。结果表明 ,原丝线密度小 ,截面形状圆整 ,缺陷少 ,所制得的碳纤维强度高。